Observation

From behind:

• lower limb rotation/ position of feet
• knee creases
• gluteal fold
• PSIS
• muscle bulk
• spine
• leg length

From side:

• pelvic rotation
• lumbar spine

From in front:

• lower limb rotation
• Q angle -
• level of patellae
• quadriceps bulk
• ASIS

Functional tests and tests for other joints

• walking forwards and backwards
• flex knee to chest
• squat (may add overpressure)
• rotate trunk and pelvis while standing on one leg
• (medial and lateral rotation).
• Steps
• Hopping
• Running
• sitting to standing
• lumbar spine, combined movements.

Neurological

• muscle power, reflexes, sensation as appropriate

2. SUPINE LYING

Observation

• leg length
• lower limb rotation

Palpation

• temperature changes
• swelling and thickening

Neurological

• muscle power, reflexes, sensation as appropiate.

Active Movement

• Flexion
• Abduction / Adduction
• Lateral rotation / Medial rotation (in neutral and /or 90º flexion)

Resisted or static tests

• Flexion (performed in neurological test).
• Abduction /Adduction
• Lateral rotation/medical rotation (in 90ºflexion)

Muscle function

• Iliopsoas, quadriceps, tensor fascia lata, hamstrings
• Adductor length and differentiation.

Tests for other regions and structure

• sacroiliac joints
• knee

Passive movements: Passive physiological movements

• Flexion
• Abduction
• Lateral rotation /Medial rotation (in neutral and 90º flexion)

Combined physiological movements

• Flexion – Adduction
• (special test performed from 90-140º flexion)
• Flexion – Abduction – External rotation

Passive accessory Movements

• Longitudinal distraction in extension
• Longitudinal distraction in 90º flexion
• Lateral distraction in 90º flexion (may be performed in any combined position)

3. SIDE LYING: Passive Accessory Movements

• Longitudinal caudad
• PA and AP on greater trocanter

4. PRONE LYING

Neurological

• Muscle power, reflexes, sensation as appropriate.

Active movements.

• Extension
• Medial rotation/ Lateral rotation

Passive movements: Passive physiological movements

• Extension
• Medial rotation/ Lateral rotation

Tests for other regions and structures

• lumbar spine
• sacroiliac joints

Palpation

• Piriformis
• Bursae

Muscles function

• Hip extension  “firing “ pattern

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Post tags: examination, hip, Musculoskeletal Assessment

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